![]() Computing the operating characteristics for the current system and comparing the values to the characteristics of the alternative systems allows managers to see the pros and cons of each potential option. The overall goal of queueing analysis is to compute these characteristics for the current system and then test several alternatives that could lead to improvement. The probability that n customers are in the queueing system, the average number of customers in the queueing system, the average number of customers in the waiting line, the average time spent by a customer in the total queuing system, the average time spent by a customer in the waiting line, and finally the probability that the server is busy or idle are all of the different operating characteristics that these queueing models compute. Queueing analysis is the probabilistic analysis of waiting lines, and thus the results, also referred to as the operating characteristics, are probabilistic rather than deterministic. Through management science, businesses are able to solve a variety of problems using different scientific and mathematical approaches. Queueing theory is one of the major areas of study in the discipline of management science. In fact, one of the flagship journals of the field is Queueing Systems. The spelling "queueing" over "queuing" is typically encountered in the academic research field. These ideas were seminal to the field of teletraffic engineering and have since seen applications in telecommunication, traffic engineering, computing, project management, and particularly industrial engineering, where they are applied in the design of factories, shops, offices, and hospitals. Queueing theory has its origins in research by Agner Krarup Erlang, who created models to describe the system of incoming calls at the Copenhagen Telephone Exchange Company. Queueing theory is generally considered a branch of operations research because the results are often used when making business decisions about the resources needed to provide a service. A queueing model is constructed so that queue lengths and waiting time can be predicted. Queueing theory is the mathematical study of waiting lines, or queues. In the study of queue networks one typically tries to obtain the equilibrium distribution of the network, although in many applications the study of the transient state is fundamental. In this image, servers are represented by circles, queues by a series of rectangles and the routing network by arrows. Queue networks are systems in which single queues are connected by a routing network. ![]() For the Kool Keith album, see First Come, First Served. "First come, first served" redirects here.
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